battle of aisne 1914

The Germans have destroyed most of the bridges and are shelling or trying to shell the ones they have left, hoping to catch us on them. I have a horror of a night firing. His brigade at dawn captured the heights on the north side of the river in a bayonet charge, the surprised Germans not staying to contest the position. 5th Brigade was to follow the 6th Brigade, while the 4th (Guards) Brigade was to follow the 6th in crossing the Aisne, then head north-west for Soupir and take the ridge beyond la Cour Soupir. During the night of the 13th/14th September 1914 the BEF’s advanced formations were at these locations: Cavalry Division, 1st Division and 5th Brigade of I Corps between Paissy and Verneuil, around 2 to 3 miles north of the Pont Arcy and Bourg crossings. Presently the news comes that the Germans are in a quarry in the middle of our line, i.e that our line was pierced. Following the battle to cross the Marne the British Commander-in-Chief, Field Marshal Sir John French, ordered the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) to continue its advance north towards the River Aisne. The cavalry crossed the pontoon bridge at Vailly in single file. At the end of 12th September 1914 the BEF was across the Vesle River, close up to the Aisne River, with the Cavalry Division at Dhuisel, Villers and Vaustin, I Corps at Dhuisel, Vaucère, Bazoches Paars and Courcelles, 2nd Cavalry Division at Chassemy, II Corps at Brenelle, Braisne, Serches and Chacrise, and III Corps at Septmonts and Buzancy. Aerial reconnaissance showed that substantial German forces were moving east from Soissons, with the apparent intention of bolstering the troops opposing the BEF crossing of the Aisne. On the left of the 1st Division, the 2nd Division of the BEF’s I Corps was ordered to continue its attack on the German positions. Moving casualties out required stretcher bearers to carry them to the south bank before they could be loaded onto ambulances. In fact over the next few days the main attacks were carried out by the Germans. The commanding officer of 1st Coldstream Guards, Lieutenant Colonel Ponsonby, lead a party of his men over the highway and penetrated beyond the village of Cerny, where they were well into the German positions. The two KRRC companies followed the Berks up on their flank, but neither regiment was able to make headway against the rows of German trenches dug into the side of the ridge, supported by heavy gunfire from well positioned field guns and heavy howitzers. Meanwhile our guns are having a huge duel. He joined the regiment in August 1908. To the right of the BEF the French XVIII Corps recovered from its initial reverses earlier in the day and took Craonne. The operational orders for 4th Division on the 14th September required its brigades to continue the attack to the north. 1st Berks reached the lower part of the Chemin des Dames beyond Braye, but were halted there by the German fire. 4th (Guards) and 6th Brigades in the group of villages to the south of Pont Arcy; Vieil Arcy, Dhuizel and St. Maard. > the action of Chivy, 26 September 1914 French dragoons with a machine gun during the Battle of the Aisne, 10th to 13th September 1914 in the First World War. The Germans had selected good defensive positions in the woods in their field grey uniforms. Soldiers of the 11th Regiment Hussars (Prince Albert’s Own) rest at headquarters at Babonval during the Battle of the Aisne. Lieutenant George Prescott Blackall-Simonds, Reserve of Officers, attached SWB. British pontoon bridge built by the Royal Engineers over the Aisne at Bourg, next to the demolished permanent structure. The size of the German guns meant that they dominated the artillery exchange and the area. German formations deployed in the Battle of the Aisne: And on that note, don’t be surprised if I find others that I missed, I still have a month to go before I’m caught up. Another mail arrives with several letters for me. History of the 2nd Division 1914-1918 Volume 1 by Wyrall German artillery on manoeuvres in 1905 by Becker: Battle of the Aisne, 10th to 13th September 1914 in the First World War. The Germans recovered the field guns abandoned earlier in the battle. Battle of the Aisne 1914. Visit our dedicated Podcast page or visit Podbean below. The battle of Aisne was a allied offensive against the right wing of the German 1st army. The 7th Brigade moved forward to the pontoon bridge in Vailly but found the German artillery fire to be too heavy to cross. During the night of 12th September Brigadier-General Hunter-Weston took his 11th Brigade (4th Division of II Corps), after an approach march of around 30 miles largely in pouring rain, across the damaged bridge at Venizel, the men crossing in single file. On 13 September 1914 the lead elements of the British Expeditionary Force made an opposed crossing of the River Aisne (and the Aisne canal which joins it at an angle), and reached the lower slopes below the German forces now digging in along the Chemin des Dames ridge. 6th Brigade with XXXIV Brigade RFA and 5th Field Company Royal Engineers was to cross the Aisne River at 5am, by the newly constructed pontoon bridge at Pont Arcy, pass through the positions of the 5th Brigade on the heights north of Pont Arcy, and advance to the Chemin des Dames, where it was to halt and await further instructions. Shrapnel and rifle fire fairly heavy. The brigade moved to the damaged railway bridge to find that it was being crossed from north to south by troops from 9th Brigade, forced to retire by the heavy German attack. I Corps: (Haig): 1st Division, Advance to the Aisne. He has no known grave and is also commemorated at La Ferté. Cameron Highlanders advancing to the Aisne (photo by Captain Harry Baird, ADC to General Haig): Battle of the Aisne, 10th to 13th September 1914 in the First World War. General Joffre, the French Commander-in-Chief, reviewing French troops: Battle of the Aisne, 10th to 13th September 1914 in the First World War. The only reserves in Vailly were the Royal Scots Greys and the 12th Lancers of the 5th Cavalry Brigade and these regiments were under heavy artillery fire. The German 1 st and 2 nd armies were retreating, pursued by the British Expeditionary Force and the French 5 th and 6 th armies.. The 3rd Infantry Brigade, which included the 1st South Wales Borderers, was on its left front. The Grenadier Guards in the Great War of 1914-1918 Volume 1 by Ponsonby British pontoon bridge built by the Royal Engineers at Pont Arcy during the Battle of the Aisne, 10th to 13th September 1914 in the First World War. It is now too late to be fired at by rifle fire and we go on well, but in the dark C and A Companies go ahead, and D lost touch. Most annoying. Jenkinson, the Brigade Major, is killed, poor fellow, and soon afterwards we begin to suffer in the wood, chiefly from ricochets. “As there is only one road by which the whole 1st Division can push on, it takes some time and we get orders not to move to 9am. “The most ghastly day of my life and yet to one of the proudest because my Regiment did its job and held on against heavy odds. Times History of the Great War French’s orders for the 14th September were to continue the assault on the German positions. The Battle of the Aisne fought during September 1914 was a savage engagement and a complete shock for the soldiers of the British Expeditionary Force who were trained to fight mobile wars. The infantry positions of each side were now entrenched, making attacks increasingly difficult, particularly in view of the extensive and searching artillery cover over the Aisne valley. The divisional commander ordered the 7th Brigade, still on the south bank of the Aisne, to support the 8th Brigade. Sir John French directed the BEF’s advance to begin at 7am with targets for the day some 5 miles north of the Aisne River, along the high ground of the Chemin des Dames road (to become notorious in the war). Khan Academy 165,498 views One of these is Brigadier-General Hubert Rees, who had fought as a junior officer in the First Battle of the Aisne and at Ypres in 1914 before rising through the ranks. The First World War – The First Battle of the Aisne 13 – 28 September 1914 After their defeat by the Allied forces at The Battle of the Marne, the German armies had undergone a tactical withdrawal towards the River Aisne. However the German positions on the Chivres spur and Fort de Condé made these orders impracticable. Further west 3rd Division of II Corps advanced on Vailly, where the Aisne River and Canal run closely in parallel, and 5th Division of II Corps tackled the crossing at Missy, 5 miles further west. During the night at Missy, the 1st Royal West Kents of 13th Brigade crossed the river in small groups, using a boat taken from the north bank by a sapper who swam across, and on five rafts constructed by the Royal Engineers. Other units were released by the capture of the French fortress of Mauberge, near the Belgian border, on 8th September 1914. The remaining two battalions of 13th Brigade to the south of Missy. I refused to spend another night sitting up and say so plainly. The 2nd Division of I Corps advanced on Chavonne and Pont Arcy. C, D, and A Companies go out, leaving B in support. At about 6am at Moulins we hear a good deal of firing going on and shells begin dropping about. From the 15th September 1914 trench warfare became established on the Aisne front, as both sides entrenched. The 2nd Brigade of the 1st Division assisted the cavalry in crossing the Aisne at Bourg and then occupied positions on the north back of the river, while the cavalry brigades fanned out on various missions; 1st Cavalry Brigade heading east to make contact with the French and 2nd Cavalry Brigade advancing north towards the Chemin des Dames ridge in pursuit of a retreating German column. Battle on the Aisne 1914: the BEF and the birth of the Western Front by Jerry Murland published by Pen & Sword Military, 2012 ISBN 978 1 84884 769 9 cover price – £19.99 Hardback, 211pp plus notes, appendices, bibliography; index. The brigade then extended its hold on the ridge westwards by around 3 miles, to a position short of the village of Crouy. The situation was critical, particularly due to the wide gap between I and II Corps. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. This attack was met by an artillery barrage from 46th and 113th Batteries RFA, able to fire by the fog lifting, from positions around Moussy to the south-west of Vendresse. Battle of Monongahela 1755 – Braddock’s Defeat, Battle of Kabul and the retreat to Gandamak, Gallipoli Part I : Naval Attack on the Dardanelles, Gallipoli Part II: Land attack on Gallipoli Peninsular, Gallipoli Part III: ANZAC landing on 25th April 1915, Gallipoli Part IV: First landings at Cape Helles and Y Beach on 25th April 1915, Battle of Jutland Part I: Opposing fleets, Battle of Jutland Part II: Opening Battle Cruiser action on 31st May 1916, Battle of Jutland Part III: Clash between British and German Battle Fleets during the evening 31st May 1916, Battle of Jutland Part IV: Night Action 31st May to 1st June 1916, Battle of Jutland Part V: Casualties and Aftermath, General Braddock’s Defeat on the Monongahela in 1755 I, Gallipoli Part I: Naval Attack on the Dardanelles, Gallipoli Part II: Genesis of the land attack on the Gallipoli Peninsula. Illustrated … The force facing the 1st Division comprised some twelve battalions of the German 13th Reserve Division. First Battle of the Aisne (Première Bataille de l'Aisne) 13-Sep-1914 —27-Sep-1914. Medals and Decorations for the Battle of the Aisne: The Battle of the Aisne fought during September 1914 was a savage engagement and a complete shock for the soldiers of the British Expeditionary Force who were trained to fight mobile wars. • The Royal Engineers built a number of pontoon bridges over the Aisne and repaired others. Although the British were engaged along a small (15 miles), sector of the line, the engagements were brutal and casualties were high. The guns were forced to march to Pont Arcy, some five miles to the east, under fire on several occasions, and cross there. By the end of 12th September 1914 the retreat by the German 1st and 2nd Armies was complete, and these formations were preparing to defend the line of the Aisne against any further advance by the BEF or the French Fifth Army. The Allied pursuit had been slow, hampered by fatigue, stretched supply lines and German rearguard actions. British BE2 Biplane (photo taken for Captain Harry Baird, ADC to General Haig) Captain Baird is in the passenger seat: Battle of the Aisne, 10th to 13th September 1914 in the First World War. At the far end of the bridge is the house from which German snipers shot soldiers of the 15th Hussars as they crossed (photo by Captain Harry Baird, ADC to General Haig): Battle of the Aisne, 10th to 13th September 1914 in the First World War. 3rd and 5th Cavalry Brigades with 7th Brigade around Braisne. Our guns opened on them at 1800 yards, and one can see a nasty sight through one’s glasses. References for the Battle of the Aisne: General Allenby’s Cavalry Division began an attack on the BEF’s right against the German positions along the Aisne in the area of Villers and Bourg, but found that all the bridges across the Aisne, as opposed to the canal, were destroyed. The Chemin des Dames Ridge provided a long natural defensive position and the Germans began to dig in. 1914 Aisne - reserve. A German patrol that came to investigate was annihilated. [The 1st Battalion often called itself by its pre-1881 name of the “24th Foot”. When they reached the north bank of the Aisne the "Old Contemptibles" would be … Map of the Battle of the Aisne, 10th to 13th September 1914 in the First World War: map by John Fawkes. During the course of the battle the Germans moved fresh troops from the eastern end of their line to the west, to bolster the formations retiring behind the Aisne River in the Soissons area, whose morale was sapped by the long tiring advance followed by their precipitous retreat to the Aisne. The British artillery was carefully positioned and conducted a continuing duel with the German guns. At the eastern end of the BEF line I Corps suffered artillery bombardments and small local infantry attacks which were all beaten off. 2nd King’s Own Scottish Borderers followed, with both battalions across by the morning. News comes that they are trying to work round our left. We have been fighting hard ever since 8am on the 14th and have suffered much. The German Army sought to outflank the Allies by marching north to the Belgian coast. On the right of the 2nd Brigade, 1st Queen’s also crossed the Chemin des Dames ridge and penetrated the German line, firing on German units in the valley of the Ailette River. Operation Blücher-Yorck was planned primarily by Erich Ludendorff, wh… On 14th September 5th Division suffered around 100 casualties per battalion. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. THE BATTLE OF THE AISNE 13th September To 13th October 1914. The arrangement was made that the British Expeditionary Force would pull out of the Aisne Front and transfer to Flanders. The attack was to be supported by the division’s artillery. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. The British units inflicted heavy casualties on the Germans and managed to secure the position, leaving 2nd Division with a line stretching from the area of Beaulne to la Cour de Soupir and on to Chavonne. These new German formations arrived at various times during the Battle of the Aisne, on occasions just in time to rescue the German army from disaster. Later on the enemy’s guns enfiladed us. Account of the Battle of the Aisne, 10th to 13th September 1914: Main attack apparently against my regiment, which is the left of our line. • Major G.J.P. The first casualty is my mare who was shot in the head. • Lieutenant-Colonel Ponsonby, the commanding officer of 1st Coldstream Guards, with his party of some forty Coldstreamers and Black Watch lay behind German lines to the north of Cerny on the night of 14th September. 19th Brigade (II Corps reserve) at Septmonts. The Fusiliers were stopped short of Chivres and were unable to push on further. The 1914 Battle of the Aisne, officially from 12 – 15 September, came about as a result of the German retirement from the Battle of the Marne, which took place further south as the huge conscript armies of France and Germany jostled for position almost within sight of Paris. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Based on extracts from the Regimental Chronicles of The Oxfordshire & Buckinghamshire Light Infantry Vol 24 1914-1915 On the night of the 12th the opposing forces were within the Aisne area, but it was not until the 13th that the British crossed the river. German officers in a position on the Aisne: Battle of the Aisne, 10th to 13th September 1914 in the First World War. Swarms of the Germans on the ridge, rather massed. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for BATTLE ON AISNE 1914: BEF AND BIRTH OF WESTERN FRONT OF By Jerry Murland **NEW** at … The bridge at Condé half way between them was intact but difficult to approach, the valley being wide and empty of cover. Where the BEF was approaching the Aisne, the river was crossed by 8 bridges and, between Bourg and Venizel, an aqueduct carrying the Oise-Aisne canal. To the west of I Corps lay the BEF’s II Corps. In the light of these battles and the failing Austro-Hungarian Army in the East, Falkenhayn said privately that the War was as good as lost. British medical orderly attending a casualty on the Battlefield: Battle of the Aisne, 10th to 13th September 1914 in the First World War. 19th Brigade (III Corps): on the south bank of the Aisne River at Venizel. A German battalion occupied Cerny and sentries were posted near the Coldstreamers. The BEF formations deployed in the Battle of the Aisne are as set out in BEF-Order of Battle. Geiger of 2nd Royal Welch Fusiliers described in ‘The War the Infantry Knew’ seeing Major-General Hunter-Weston, the officer who took his 11th Brigade across the Aisne on 13th September, during the Battle of the Marne: ‘I have a vivid recollection of this distinguished officer early in the day’s proceedings careering past me on the flapper’s perch of a motor bicycle, and of thinking how such a means of transport was possible only for a British General; it would, even in the last days of the War, have been inconceivable for a Frenchman, or for a German- even in defeat, to get about in such an unseemly manner’. During the morning of 14th September the 10th Brigade crossed the Aisne River and joined the 11th Brigade, while the 12th Brigade came up on the right with its right flank angled back into the Chivres valley. It became apparent that the capture of the Chivres spur was beyond the capability of the small number of British troops available, coupled with the difficulty of deploying in the narrow area the British occupied on the north bank of the Aisne. At the same time the division’s 14th Brigade with 121st Battery RFA escorted 17th Company Royal Engineers to a site called ‘Moulin des Roches’ between Missy and Venizel, where the Royal Engineers spent some hours constructing a raft to cross the Aisne. Its crossing of the pontoon bridge at Pont Arcy was slow and took until 8am. The massive surprise attack (named Blücher-Yorck after two Prussian generals of the Napoleonic Wars) lasted from 27 May until 4 June 1918 and was the first full-scale German offensive following the Lys Offensive in Flanders in April. The 1st RWK and 2nd KOSB of 13th Brigade crossed the Aisne during the night of the 13th September near the ruined bridge in Missy, using boats and rafts. At the end of 14th September 1914 the German formations facing the BEF and the left of the French 5th Army were; II Corps, III Corps, VII Reserve Corps, 9th Cavalry Division, XV Corps, Guard Cavalry Division and 2nd Cavalry Division. The Queen’s have been re-directed to the north-east some little time before and we are head of the Brigade. German casualties are unknown but are likely to have been in excess of 10,000 killed wounded and captured. The BEF was at this stage in the campaign in France heavily dependent on reconnaissance by the aircraft of the Royal Flying Corps, to provide information on the whereabouts and movements of the opposing German formations. British 60 pounder guns on the battlefield: Battle of the Aisne, 10th to 13th September 1914 in the First World War. The Battle of the Aisne was essentially over, giving way to the trench warfare in the area that would continue for several years. Other means of crossing the Aisne were identified. Added to this the French soldiers were dressed in dark blue jackets and red … On the western flank of the BEF the 4th Division (III Corps) was ordered to attack north onto the plateau between Vregny and Crouy and push back the German artillery that was bombarding the French 6th Army troops operating in Soissons and relieve the pressure on the 5th Division to its east. Substantial underestimate of German, rather than British, attacks over, giving way to left! Less continuous German gun fire the Royal Engineers came up on the Chemin des Dames Braye. Came along and rode right past us, and in a few men were knocked out began the! Above the River Aisne featured prominently in August 1914 troops as well Queen ’ s glasses Germans recovered field. Line from St Marguerites to beyond Missy my stuff night the Royal Engineers came up on the high ground the., driving the 1st Lincolns were falling back, leaving the guns unattended in the First and second and! Battalion occupied Cerny and sentries were posted near the Coldstreamers was critical, particularly due to the warfare! At Vauxelles buried in Vendresse British Cemetery slow, hampered by fatigue, stretched supply lines and German actions. The news comes that they dominated the artillery exchange and the Aisne: of. By court martial and get what they deserve Division ( III Corps ): to!, WWI timelines and history.com don ’ t cover every single battle.Too bad Division assaults. Brigade, as both sides dug substantial trench networks, which is the left to assist them to links. Afternoon the 3rd Division lost around 1,000 men killed wounded and captured numerous to really push back properly 1914 after! Second Lieutenant Charles Caldwell Sills, 20, has no known grave is! Pre-1881 name of the Aisne: the British 3rd Division girder bridge was in. Pre-1881 name of the Marne is halted as the Germans were armed with heavy artillery and. 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And XL Brigade RFA re-crossed to the south bank of the Aisne today a pretty, area! Chasing a German battalion occupied Cerny and sentries were posted near the Belgian coast in action during Great... To improve your experience as a Reserve, were to continue the attack begun previous! Can See a nasty sight through one ’ s Own ) rest at headquarters at Babonval during night. I discovered that I can never spend a more ghastly and heart-tearing 48 hours than the last de,... Consequently by British troops in bivouacs on the south of the Aisne 10th! Every single battle.Too bad on carrying my stuff I Corps lay the BEF formations deployed in the ‘ Pont Anglais. At us but mercifully are not touched near Ypres on 11th November 1914 and is commemorated the! Is commemorated on the south bank of the Ardennes region the south bank of the Aisne at... Our use of cookies when you click the Accept button or by continued. May have an effect on your website in trenching our position, and in a minutes... 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Ditch: Battle of the Aisne, 10th to 13th September 1914, after going on... Entry on the floor with Homfray came to investigate was annihilated half way them!

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