(21 marks) Labelling theorists are concerned with how and why certain people and actions come to be labelled as criminal or deviant, and what ⦠Labelling theory argues that the deviance resides in the reaction to crime rather than the crime itself (Ray Paternoster, 2013). It is difficult to subscribe to the concept that only the labeling is important to theorists, not the veritable crime. Labeling's interest is in the next crime, and not the significance of the crime itself, which queries the theory's rationale. Criticism against the labelling theory is that it gives a good logic but does not explain the cause of crime. Originating in the mid- to late-1960s in the United States at a moment of tremendous political and cultural conflict, labeling theorists brought to center stage the role of government agencies, and social processes in general, in the creation of deviance and crime. Labeling theory is a vibrant area of research and theoretical development within the field of criminology. Labeling theory provides a distinctively sociological approach that focuses on the role of social labeling in the development of crime and deviance. ⦠Using material from Item A and elsewhere, assess the usefulness of labelling theory in explaining crime and deviance. Others then view and treat these people as criminals, and this increases the likelihood of subsequent crime ⦠Thereafter Lemert (1951) preferred to label offenders as persons with primary deviance and secondary deviance. âLabeling theory may help explain why some youths continue down the path of anti-social behaviors (they are labeled), whereas most are able to desist from a crime (they are stigma-free)â (1). The fourth main sociological theory of deviance is labeling theory. The labeling theory believes that if we label someone a criminal, they are more likely to become a criminal; if we label something a crime, it is more likely to be committed. According to labeling theory, official efforts to control crime often have the effect of increasing crime. Introduction. It entirely avoids the question of causation. Labelling Theory in Crime Using material from item A and elsewhere assess the view that crime and deviance are the product of the labelling process. Essay on the Modern Labelling Theory of Crime ! Individuals who are arrested, prosecuted, and punished are labeled as criminals. Therefore, this theory shows great consideration to how this reaction may consist of the application of labels, the impact of those labels on individuals, and how others treat that individual due to that label. The labelling theory was once a predominant explanation of crime and deviance, but there is a lack of empirical support that directly correlates deviant labels with deviant behaviour, thus suggests that the theory still has flaws (Cartwright, 2011). 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