what is drainage basin

All water that falls on that land flows into one river. Management of such basins becomes the responsibility of the countries sharing it. For example, the total area drained by the Mississippi River constitutes its drainage basin, whereas that part of the Mississippi River drained by the Ohio River is the Ohio’s drainage basin. What does drainage basin mean? It is an area of land. Isochrone maps can be used to show the time taken for runoff water within a drainage basin to reach a lake, reservoir or outlet, assuming constant and uniform effective rainfall.[10][11][12][13]. Hello guys here is our rivers education revision video, we hope you guys like it.Thankyou Management of shared drainage basins is also seen as a way to build lasting peaceful relationships among countries.[14]. It can flow directly into the river or go through tributaries (smaller rivers that flow into the bigger river) first. Drainage basin, also called catchment area, or (in North America) watershed, area from which all precipitation flows to a single stream or set of streams. A drainage basin is a tract of land drained by a river and its tributaries What is the boundary of a drainage basin called? Drainage basins have been historically important for determining territorial boundaries, particularly in regions where trade by water has been important. There are no inputs or outputs.The drainage basin hydrological system is a local open system. In a drainage basin or watershed, all the precipitation that falls will eventually feed into a single river. [1] Drainage basins connect into other drainage basins at lower elevations in a hierarchical pattern, with smaller sub-drainage basins, which in turn drain into another common outlet.[2]. The boundary of the drainage basin is called a drainage divide. Drainage basins are similar but not identical to hydrologic units, which are drainage areas delineated so as to nest into a multi-level hierarchical drainage system. Drainage patterns. It lies west of the Continental Divide and extends from the boundary of Alberta and British Columbia into the Yukon near the Mackenzie Delta. water from rain converge or drain to a single point usually of lower elevation Limnologists have used several criteria for the development of systems for classifying lakes and lake basins but have resorted particularly to the mechanisms that have produced lake basins. Other terms that are used to describe a drainage basin are catchment, catchment area, catchment basin, drainage area, river basin and water basin. A drainage basin is the area of land that it drained by a river and its tributaries. If you live somewhere that gets a lot of rain or snow, has runoff from streets, or simply experience a lot of sitting water, a catch basin could help. This type of water is r… After prolonged rainfall even free-draining soils can become saturated, meaning that any further rainfall will reach the river rather than being absorbed by the ground. Nile Basin Initiative, OMVS for Senegal River, Mekong River Commission are a few examples of arrangements involving management of shared river basins. Rain that falls in steep mountainous areas will reach the primary river in the drainage basin faster than flat or lightly sloping areas (e.g., > 1% gradient). Formulation", Instructional video: Manual watershed delineation is a five-step process, Instructional video: To delineate a watershed you must identify land surface features from topographic contours, Water Evaluation And Planning System (WEAP) - modeling hydrologic processes in a drainage basin, New Mexico State University - Water Task Force, Watershed Condition Classification Technical Guide. A drainage basin includes all areas that gather precipitation water and direct it to a particular stream, stream system, lake, or other body of … drainage basin définition, signification, ce qu'est drainage basin: an area of land from which the rain flows into a particular river or lake, etc.. En savoir plus. When it rains, water falls on all surfaces, not just in the waterways. In endorheic bodies of standing water where evaporation is the primary means of water loss, the water is typically more saline than the oceans. But how does the water that falls on the ground get to the stream or river? Catch basins are made to redirect water away from another place in an attempt to stop flooding before it starts. They are also known as catchments, catchment basins, watersheds, or water basins. Omissions? In Brazil, the National Policy of Water Resources, regulated by Act n° 9.433 of 1997, establishes the drainage basin as the territorial division of Brazilian water management. A portion of the water that enters the groundwater system beneath the drainage basin may flow towards the outlet of another drainage basin because groundwate… The drainage basin, also known as the basin, or (in North America) the basin that pours all precipitation into a single torrent or a set of streams. Updates? Drainage basin, also called catchment area, or (in North America) watershed, area from which all precipitation flows to a single stream or set of streams. This system is a closed system. Measurement of the discharge of water from a basin may be made by a stream gauge located at the basin's outlet. Below is a flow diagram of the drainage basin system:All rivers receive a water supply and the area of land this comes from is known as a drainage basin. Shape will contribute to the speed with which the runoff reaches a river. The discharge from a drainage basin depends on precipitation, evapotranspiration and storage factors. Each drainage basin is separated topographically from adjacent basins by a ridge, hill or mountain, which is known as a water divide or a watershed. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/science/drainage-basin, USGS Water Science School - Watersheds and Drainage Basins. Endorheic drainage basins are inland basins that do not drain to an ocean. The drainage basin acts like a funnel - collecting all the water within the area covered by the basin and channeling it into a waterway. For example, the total area drained by the Mississippi River constitutes its drainage basin, whereas that part of the Mississippi River drained by the Ohio River is the Ohio’s drainage basin. This can cause eutrophication where plant growth is accelerated by the additional material. In North America, this function is referred to as "watershed management". It includes water found in the water table and su… The drainage basin includes all the surface water from rain runoff, snowmelt, hail, sleet and nearby streams that run downslope towards the shared outlet, as well as the groundwater underneath the earth's surface. As water flows over the ground and along rivers it can pick up nutrients, sediment, and pollutants. Find more similar words at wordhippo.com! The drainage basin includes all the surface water from rain runoff, snowmelt, hail, sleet and nearby streams that run downslope towards the shared outlet, as well as the groundwater underneath the earth's surface. Cycleau - A project looking at approaches to managing catchments in North West Europe, flash animation of how rain falling onto the landscape will drain into a river depending on the terrain, StarHydro – software tool that covers concepts of fluvial geomorphology and watershed hydrology, Florida Watersheds and River Basins - Florida DEP, List of rivers that have reversed direction, A Directory of Important Wetlands in Australia, Bangladesh Haor and Wetland Development Board, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Drainage_basin&oldid=991247644, Articles with dead external links from December 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2017, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, About 48.7% of the world's land drains to the, Just over 13% of the land in the world drains to the, This page was last edited on 29 November 2020, at 02:15. Water is continuously transferred between the atmosphere and the oceans. Because drainage basins are coherent entities in a hydro-logical sense, it has become common to manage water resources on the basis of individual basins. A long thin catchment will take longer to drain than a circular catchment. A drainage basin is the area of land that provides all water for a river that eventually exits to another body of water (another river, a lake, sea or ocean). Especially in North American usage however, watershed refers to the drainage basin itself. In New Zealand, they are called catchment boards. If the gauges are many and evenly distributed over an area of uniform precipitation, using the arithmetic mean method will give good results. Drainage basins are important in ecology. If the surface is impermeable the precipitation will create surface run-off which will lead to higher risk of flooding; if the ground is permeable, the precipitation will infiltrate the soil. The isohyetal method involves contours of equal precipitation are drawn over the gauges on a map. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. If you follow a small stream downhill, where do you think it will lead? Generally, topography plays a big part in how fast runoff will reach a river. Synonyms for drainage basin include watershed, catchment area, catchment basin, drainage area and catchment. The largest drainage basin in the world is the Amazon, covering 6,144,727 km²(a third of the area of South America). A drainage basin is an area of land drained by a river and its tributaries (river system). In humid temperate regions, well-drained soil profiles near a summit can have thick E horizons (the leached layers) overlying well-developed clay-rich Bt horizons, while poorly drained profiles near a toeslope can have thick A horizons overlying extensive Bg horizons (lower layers whose pale colour…. Water does not come into or leave planet earth. The high average discharge rate is attributable to the large amounts of precipitation received at higher elevations in the Rockiesand coastal mountain ranges, caused by moist air masses moving off the Pacif… Drainage basins connect into other drainage basins at lower elevations in a hierarchical pattern, with smaller sub-drainage basins, which in turn drain into another co… Drainage basin discharge = precipitation – evapotranspiration +/- changes in storage. A drainage basin provides a limited surface area within which physical processes pertinent to the general hydrology may be considered. The basin sheds water into the Pacific Ocean at an average rate of 21,200 m3/s. However, soils containing clay can be almost impermeable and therefore rainfall on clay soils will run off and contribute to flood volumes. In hydrology, the drainage basin is a logical unit of focus for studying the movement of water within the hydrological cycle, because the majority of water that discharges from the basin outlet originated as precipitation falling on the basin. The exit is the end of the drainage basin and is also referred as a watershed and catchment area. drainage basin. Around 18% of all land drains to endorheic lakes or seas or sinks. Comparable community groups based in Ontario, Canada, are called conservation authorities. Bioregional political organization today includes agreements of states (e.g., international treaties and, within the US, interstate compacts) or other political entities in a particular drainage basin to manage the body or bodies of water into which it drains. Calculating the area between these curves and adding up the volume of water is time-consuming. This includes water from rain and melting snow. A drainage catch basin is basically a storm drain for your backyard (or anywhere it is needed). A drainage system is described as accordant if its pattern correlates to … Learn more. In a strict sense, all drainage basins are hydrologic units but not all hydrologic units are drainage basins.[8]. Catchment topography and shape determine the time taken for rain to reach the river, while catchment size, soil type, and development determine the amount of water to reach the river. When a river basin crosses at least one political border, either a border within a nation or an international boundary, it is identified as a transboundary river. Each drainage basin is separated topographically from adjacent basins by a perimeter, the drainage divide, making up a succession of higher geographical features (such as a ridge, hill or mountains) forming a barrier. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. In the Thiessen polygon method, the drainage basin is divided into polygons with the rain gauge in the middle of each polygon assumed to be representative for the rainfall on the area of land included in its polygon. In … The climatic variables and the water and sediment discharge, water storage, and evapotranspiration may be measured; from these measurements, denudation rates and moisture and energy balances may be derived, each of which is useful in the consideration and understanding of landscape formation. An example would be the area drained by the Ohio River would be the Ohio drainage basin. The name given to the study of lakes is limnology. "Catchment basin" redirects here. The following is a list of the major ocean basins: The five largest river basins (by area), from largest to smallest, are the basins of the Amazon (7M km2), the Congo (4M km2), the Nile (3.4M km2), the Mississippi (3.22M km2), and the Río de la Plata (3.17M km2). It is also determined on the basis of length and width of the drainage basin. A drainage basin is an extent or an area of land where surface water from rain and melting snow or ice converges to a single point, usually the exit of the basin, where the waters join another waterbody, such as a river, lake, reservoir, estuary, wetland, sea, or ocean. Other endorheic regions include the Great Basin in the United States, much of the Sahara Desert, the drainage basin of the Okavango River (Kalahari Basin), highlands near the African Great Lakes, the interiors of Australia and the Arabian Peninsula, and parts in Mexico and the Andes. The boundary between drainage basins is a drainage divide: all the precipitation on opposite sides of a drainage divide will flow into different drainage basins. Meaning of drainage basin. A drainage basin is any area of land where precipitation collects and drains off into a common outlet, such as into a river, bay, or other body of water. Rain gauge data is used to measure total precipitation over a drainage basin, and there are different ways to interpret that data. Land use can contribute to the volume of water reaching the river, in a similar way to clay soils. Hydrologic units are defined to allow multiple inlets, outlets, or sinks. Corrections? drainage basin - traduction anglais-français. Per the lie of channels, drainage systems can fall into one of several categories, known as drainage patterns.These depend on the topography and geology of the land.. All forms of transitions can occur between parallel, dendritic, and trellis patterns. Forums pour discuter de drainage basin, voir ses formes composées, des exemples et poser vos questions. These polygons are made by drawing lines between gauges, then making perpendicular bisectors of those lines form the polygons. 2. an area of…. River basins geography myp gcse dp the shape of watersheds nature what is a river basin inter geography drainage basin hydrological system a what are the differences between Drainage Basins Definition Characteristics Lesson Transcript StudyWhat Is A River Basin QuoraWhat Are The Differences Between Catchment Area River Basin Watershed Mand Drainage QuoraKentucky Water Resources Research… Some streams, notably in Finland and from southern Poland to west-central Russia, have their sources in hills of Cenozoic rocks,…, …is on subsurface runoff (or drainage). drainage basin - the entire geographical area drained by a river and its tributaries; an area characterized by all runoff being conveyed to the same outlet; "flood control in the Missouri basin" catchment area , catchment basin , drainage area , river basin , watershed , basin Gratuit. The runoff from the drainage area is dependent on the soil type.Certain soil types such as sandy soils are very free-draining, and rainfall on sandy soil is likely to be absorbed by the ground. In a closed drainage basin, or endorheic basin, the water converges to a single point inside the basin, known as a sink, which may be a permanent lake, a dry lake, or a point where surface water is lost underground.[8]. These have been…, The drainage basins of most European rivers lie in areas originally uplifted by the Caledonian, Hercynian, and Alpine mountain-building periods that receive heavy precipitation, including snow. Drainage basins are the principal hydrologic unit considered in fluvial geomorphology. All of these waterways are connected and rely on precipitation to flow properly. A drainage basin is any area of land where precipitation collects and drains off into a common outlet, such as into a river, bay, or other body of water. ", "A Review of Earth Observation-Based Analyses for Major River Basins", "A grid-based distributed flood forecasting model for use with weather radar data: Part 1. What is a watershed and why should I care? This is the total volume of water flowing through a channel at any given point and is measured in cubic metres per second (cumecs). Modern use of artificial fertilizers, containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, has affected the mouths of drainage basins. The largest of these consists of much of the interior of Asia, which drains into the Caspian Sea, the Aral Sea, and numerous smaller lakes. With the water, they are transported towards the outlet of the basin, and can affect the ecological processes along the way as well as in the receiving water source. A drainage basin is the area of land that it drained by a river and its tributaries. Kosi geographic river river basins geography myp gcse dp the canadian atlas glossary of drainage basin hydrological system a edexcel gcse 9 1 geography b Drainage Basin Hydrological System A Level GeographyDrainage Basin Definitions Diagram Quizlet10 Aa The Drainage BasinRiver Environments Drainage Basin System Gcse Ccea GeographyDrainage Basins Definition Characteristics LessonWhat … An extreme example of this is the Dead Sea. A drainage basin is an area of land where precipitation flows to a common outlet, such as a river or lake. In hydrology, the drainage basin is a logical unit of focus for studying the movement of water within the hydrological cycle, because the majority of water that discharges from the basin outlet originated as precipitation falling on the basin. Size will help determine the amount of water reaching the river, as the larger the catchment the greater the potential for flooding. The drainage basin acts as a funnel by collecting all the water within the area covered by the basin and channelling it to a single point. A drainage basin is any area of land where precipitation collects and drains off into a common outlet, such as into a river, bay, or other body of water. A drainage basin is the source for water and sediment that moves from higher elevation through the river system to lower elevations as they reshape the channel forms. For example, rainfall on roofs, pavements, and roads will be collected by rivers with almost no absorption into the groundwater. A drainage basin is a naturally occurring extent of land which serves as a funnel to channel precipitation and excess water to a nearby river or stream. For the human geography concept, see, Area of land where precipitation collects and drains off into a common outlet, International Journal of River Basin Management, International Network of Basin Organizations, "What is a watershed and why should I care? Information and translations of drainage basin in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The name given to the study of lakes is limnology. [ drā ′nĭj ] An area drained by a river system. [5][6][7] In North America, the term watershed is commonly used to mean a drainage basin, though in other English-speaking countries, it is used only in its original sense, that of a drainage divide. The three rivers that drain the most water, from most to least, are the Amazon, Ganga, and Congo rivers.[9]. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). In most cases, a small stream will lead to a bigger stream, which will then lead to a river, and finally an open body of water. Drainage basin is a geographic term about rivers.It is also called catchment, catchment area, catchment basin, drainage area, river basin, and water basin.. Soil type will help determine how much water reaches the river. De très nombreux exemples de phrases traduites contenant "drainage basin" – Dictionnaire français-anglais et moteur de recherche de traductions françaises. This is known as the global hydrological cycle. Examples of such interstate compacts are the Great Lakes Commission and the Tahoe Regional Planning Agency. A portion of the water that enters the groundwater system beneath the drainage basin may flow towards the outlet of another drainage basin because groundwater flow directions do not always match those of their overlying drainage network. The drainage basin - as stated earlier - is an example of an open system, and many of the terms above are central to it. The boundary between the drainage basins is a drainage division of all precipitation on the opposite sides of a drainage division will flow into several drainage basins. Accordant versus discordant drainage patterns. Other terms for drainage basin are catchment area, catchment basin, drainage area, river basin, water basin,[3] [4] and impluvium. In the U.S. state of Minnesota, governmental entities that perform this function are called "watershed districts". Description The Pacific drainage basin, in the Cordillera region, is 1.08 million km2. drainage basin meaning: 1. an area of land from which the rain flows into a particular river or lake, etc. Commonly used to catch storm water runoff to be piped underground to some more desirable location (Note: your neighbors lawn should not be considered a more desirable location unless the objective is to get them to hate you). A drainage basin (sometimes called a catchment basin) is basically a heavy duty box that comes in various sizes with a slotted lid. The minerals are carried by the drainage basin to the mouth, and may accumulate there, disturbing the natural mineral balance. For example, the English crown gave the Hudson's Bay Company a monopoly on the fur trade in the entire Hudson Bay basin, an area called Rupert's Land. Water reaching the river function is referred to as `` watershed districts '' affected the mouths of basins. Use can contribute to flood volumes phrases traduites contenant `` drainage basin is basically a drain. Contenant `` drainage basin is an area of land where precipitation flows to a common outlet, such the. The bigger river ) first if you have suggestions to improve this article requires. Located at the basin sheds water into the bigger river ) first in Ontario, Canada, what is drainage basin! 'S outlet mouths of drainage basins are hydrologic units are drainage basins are hydrologic units are defined allow! Evapotranspiration +/- changes in storage catchment area, catchment basin, and roads be! Article ( requires login ) the amount of water is continuously transferred between the atmosphere and the oceans lies of... 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