21) A 20- year-old woman has a myocardial infarct and is given an Aspirin to chew. Required fields are marked *. The phosphorylation reactions are required to solubilize the isoprenoid intermediates in the pathway. 1. A simplified schematic of the pathway that displaces the most important steps is shown in Figure 3. d) Pyruvate kinase Taking aspirin has been shown to be cardioprotective in myocardial infarction. NADPH provides the reducing equivalents. The infant is found to have a profoundly low serum glucose and ketone body level. c) Squalene D) malate. The key intermediates in cholesterol biosynthesis are HMG-CoA, mevalonic acid, isopentenyl pyrophosphate, and squalene. Metabolic Biochemistry > MCQ Lipid Synthesis > Flashcards Flashcards in MCQ Lipid Synthesis Deck (14) Loading flashcards ... A thioester derivative of D-β-hydroxybutyrate is an intermediate in the synthetic path, ... Cholesterol is synthesized from: A) acetyl-CoA. Cholesterol Synthesis: Stage 3 Isoprenoids react with each other to form geranyl pyrophosphate. In molecular biology, hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase or HMG-CoA synthase EC 2.3.3.10 is an enzyme which catalyzes the reaction in which acetyl-CoA condenses with acetoacetyl-CoA to form 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA). c) Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug A comprehensive database of cholesterol quizzes online, test your knowledge with cholesterol quiz questions. The liver and intestine account for approximately 10% each of total synthesis in humans. - Cholesterol can be synthesized by skin, intestine and kidney - major amounts of cholesterol but the main site of production is the liver What is the first intermediate for cholesterol synthesis? (2) Formation of isoprenoid units from mevalonate by loss of CO2. All the carbon atoms in the cholesterol is provided by acetate. e) Pyruvate to acetyl co A conversion is inhibited. d) Glucocorticoids Acetyl CoA View Answer, 10. 1. How many carbons are present in geranyl pyrophosphate? A typical North American diet contains approximately 450mg of cholesterol per day (of which 55% is absorbed), while cholesterol synthesis on such a modest cholesterol diet is 11–13mg/kg/day. Which is the first intermediate in cholesterol synthesis? Take up the gi lipid metab & membrane lipids MCQ's below to see how well you understood the course. Synthesis of cholesterol begins with the transport of acetyl-CoA from within the mitochondria to the cytosol. d) Sterol nucleus but lack the alkyl chain attached to the ring D of cholesterol Oxidative Phosphorylation & Photophosphorylation, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers, Prev - Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Biosynthesis of Membrane Phospholipids, Next - Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Biosynthesis of Membrane Phospholipids, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Nitrogen Excretion and the Urea Cycle, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Regulation of Oxidative Phosphorylation, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – ATP Synthesis – 2, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Lipids as Signals, Cofactors, and Pigments, Best Reference Books – Chemistry of Lipids, Steroids and Hormones, Biochemistry – Advanced Questions and Answers, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Analysis of Metabolic Control, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Structural Lipids in Membranes, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – G Protein – Coupled Receptors and Second Messengers, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Multivalent Scaffold Proteins and Membrane Rafts, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Storage Lipids, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Pentose Phosphate Pathway of Glucose Oxidation, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Regulatory Enzymes, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Protein Targeting and Degradation, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Biosynthesis of Amino Acids, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – The Composition and Architecture of Membranes, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Biosynthesis of Triacylglycerols, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids. b) Isoprene Glycerol -3-P can still be produced in the adipose tissue through interconversion of one of the glycolytic intermediate. Tweet . Biochemistry Quizzes for CSIR NET Exam (4) Cyclization of squalene to give rise to the parent steroid, lanosterol. Lipid metabolism is the synthesis and degradation of lipids in cells where fat are broken down for energy. a) 2 Briefly, cell homogenate was centrifuged at 3000 × g for 2 min. all isoprenoids, including cholesterol, steroids, prenylated proteins, heine A, dolichol, ubiquinone, carotenoids, retinoids, chlorophyll and natural rubber (K.C. c) HMG co-A reductase 15) A 45 -year-old female presents with pain in the right hypochondrium radiating towards shoulder and back. Participate in the Sanfoundry Certification contest to get free Certificate of Merit. a) Mevalonate. 24,25-epoxycholesterol is an oxysterol produced in a shunt of the cholesterol … d) 11 Two farnesyl-PP are condensed together: Supporting users have an ad free experience! When Stearic acid is oxidized, how many Acetyl co A are produced? Squalene 10 carbon intermediate 15 carbon intermediate 7) Which of the following enzymes is required for releasing the newly synthesized fatty acid from the fatty acid synthase complex? Why are the intermediates of cholesterol synthesis pyrophosphates? Condensation with another isopentyl-PP yields farnesyl pyrophosphate. An important conversion of cholesterol that takes place is esterification with long-chain fatty acids (e.g., palmitic acid) in the endoplasmic reticulum, which blocks cholesterol’s polar head group and, thus, its inclusion as a membrane fluidity buffer. Your email address will not be published. This set of Biochemistry Question Bank focuses on “Biosynthesis of Cholesterol, Steroids and Isoprenoids”. c) Lanosterol. Cholesterol is 27 carbon containing compound. a) Nucleoplasm Squalene synthase catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of farnesyl-PP with reduction by NADPH to make squalene. 14)- Which of the following is not an intermediate of pathway of cholesterol synthesis ? Our online cholesterol trivia quizzes can be adapted to suit your requirements for taking some of the top cholesterol quizzes. b) 9 d) Methane His mother reports that her infant has been irritable and lethargic over the past several days. 6) Glycerol produced from hydrolysis of triglycerides in adipose tissue is a waste product, since it has to be in glycerol-3-P form and the enzyme for phosphorylation, glycerol kinase is absent in the adipose tissue. Biological Oxidation and Electron transport chain, Gray Baby syndrome and the role of Glucuronic acid. a) Sterol nucleus with two alkyl chain attached to the ring D of cholesterol What is the biochemical basis of infant’s symptoms? c) Estrogens C) lipoic acid. a) Thiolase Join our social networks below and stay updated with latest contests, videos, internships and jobs! It is absent among prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea), although there are some exceptions, such as Mycoplasma, which require cholesterol for growth. Which of the following statements best describes the bile salts? 16) Which of the following apo proteins is an activator of LCAT? B) choline. e) Bile salts are synthesized from glycine and taurine. Cholesterol synthesis, also called cholesterologenesis, is a multistep enzymatic biosynthetic process that begins with acetyl-coenzyme A. Squalene synthase is a 47-kDa protein of the endoplasmic reticulum and catalyzes the first committed step in cholesterol synthesis. Aspirin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that inhibits cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX). a) Thiolase For the production of 1 mole of cholesterol, 18 moles of Acetyl coA, 36 moles of ATP and 16 moles of NADPH are required. b) Testosterone 9) The “microsomal system “elongates saturated and unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs (from C10 upward) by two carbons, using-. a) Acetic acid Cholesterol is a precursor of Vit D and many steroid hormones like cortisol, estrogen, testosterone, etc. View Answer, 8. Analysis of intermediate metabolites in cholesterol biosynthesis suggests that the first oxidative step in cholesterol biosynthesis catalyzed by squalene monooxygenase (SQLE), an important regulator downstream HMG-CoA reductase in cholesterol synthesis, is reduced by degradation of SQLE upon elevation of cellular plasmalogen level. a) Squalene and Lanosterol are examples of primary bile salts, b) Bile salts are required for transportation of lipids from intestine to liver, c) 95% of the bile salts are excreted in the feces per day, d) They are required for digestion and absorption of lipids. View Answer, 4. His skin starts to turn blue from lack of oxygen(cyanosis). He is diagnosed with a 3-β-hydroxylase deficiency. 3) A molecule of Palmitic acid attached to carbon 1 of glycerol moiety of a triacylglycerol is ingested and digested. e) 7- dehydro cholesterol E) … Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) in Lipids, Fats & Wax with Detailed Answer Key. View Answer, 2. 5) – Which of the following is not needed for the de novo synthesis of fatty acids? c) Sterol nucleus without CH3 between C ring and D ring of cholesterol Cholesterol synthesis takes place in the cytoplasm and in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). How many carbons are present in HMG co-A? d) Plasma membrane 4) – Which of the following supplies all the carbon atoms that are needed for de novo synthesis of cholesterol? d) Pyruvate kinase Explanation: The first intermediate in cholesterol synthesis is mevalonate. To collect SGs, the insulin peak was identified in the fractionated samples (16). 6. 19) An infant is born prematurely at 28 weeks and has developed increasing difficulty in breathing. HMG-CoA is an intermediate in both cholesterol synthesis … a) Progesterone 20) A male infant is born with ambiguous genitalia (from lack of androgens such as testosterone) and several salt wasting (due to lack of aldosterone). d) TCA cycle is inhibited. b) 3 She had successfully lost 10 pounds over the last month after the surgery due to mobilization of fat stores to provide acetyl co A and energy. Which of the following is the major point of regulation on the pathway to cholesterol? The biosynthesis pathway of cholesterol is endergonic which require ATP. This reaction comprises the second step in the mevalonate-dependent isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway. b) Squalene. Designed by Abhishek Kashyap | Copyright Reserved ©2020 Namrata Chhabra, Lipid Metabolism- Multiple choice questions- set-1. Testosterone is produced from which of the following compounds? 12) An obese, 40- year-old woman, who recently underwent gastric bypass surgery, presents with severe vomiting due to rapid intake of large quantities of food, which must be avoided after gastric bypass surgery. 10) Which of the following is a break down product of odd chain fatty acids? Arachidonate has 20 carbon atoms with A. The biosynthesis of cholesterol may be divided into five steps: (1) Synthesis of mevalonate from acetyl-CoA. To practice Biochemistry Question Bank, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers. b) HMG co-A synthase In cholesterol synthesis, six molecules of isopentenyl phosphate condense to form squalene, which is converted to lanosterol and then to cholesterol by a series of enzymatic reactions. c) Cytoplasm Which of (a)-(d) does not include a suitable first reagent? Using in vitro and in vivo assays, we show that lanosterol, the first sterol intermediate in cholesterol synthesis, potently stimulates ubiquitination of reductase, whereas cholesterol has no effect at 10-fold higher concentrations. During reaction give off inorganic phosphate and make sure reaction only goes in one direction: Term. Cyclo-oxygenase is required for the production of which of these? 11) Lipogenesis is increased when sucrose is fed instead of glucose because-, a) Sucrose is digested and absorbed rapidly, b) Sucrose metabolism causes release of insulin, c) Fructose, the hydrolytic product activates acetyl co A carboxylase, d) Fructose bypasses the phosphofructokinase control point in glycolysis and floods the pathway. Prednisolone and prednisone are chemically ___________ 8) Which of the following is the key regulatory enzyme of fatty acid synthesis? Which of the following molecular complexes in the blood carries the palmitate residue from the lumen of the gut to the surface of the gut epithelial cell? b) Fatty acid synthesis is impaired. The essential intermediates in the pathway from acetate to cholesterol are ___________ d) 6 The infant is diagnosed with medium chain acyl co A dehydrogenase deficiency. SOURCES OF CHOLESTEROL 12/14/13 Biochemistry for medics Cholesterol is derived from diet de novo synthesis and from the hydrolysis of cholesteryl esters. He is diagnosed with Respiratory distress syndrome due to deficiency of lung surfactant. View Answer. b) Ethylene The essential intermediates in the pathway from acetate to cholesterol are _____ a) Acetic acid b) Ethylene View Answer, 6. Data suggested that lanosterol, the first intermediate in the pathway that is cyclic instead of linear, was the key regulator, but the researchers knew that a slightly modified version of lanosterol might be … Lathosterol and desmosterol are intermediates that are commonly measured in blood samples. A little more than half the cholesterol of the body arises by synthesis (about 700 mg/d), and the remainder is provided by the average diet. c) 5 The resulting supernatant, a crude organelle fraction, was layered onto the sucrose density gradient (20–70%, wt/vol), and centrifuged at 113,000 × gfor 19 h at 4 C in a s… 3 double bonds B. View Answer, 7. … A disconnection of 1,4-diphenylbut-2-yne is given below followed by possible corresponding synthetic reactions. b) Sterol nucleus with two CH3 between C and D ring and A and B ring of cholesterol d) Amino alcohols (3) Condensation of six isoprenoid units to form squalene. 1) Which of the following is the best marker for the diagnosis of Acute pancreatitis? Which of the following is the integral membrane protein of smooth ER? Which of the following is the phospholipid of primary importance in surfactant? d) Release of Arachidonic acid from membrane Phospholipids, e) Hydroperoxy eicosa tetra enoic acid (HPETEs) from Arachidonic acid, Your email address will not be published. Cholesterol synthesis starts with acetyl-CoA, which is used to synthesize hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA). The mevalonate pathway, also known as the isoprenoid pathway or HMG-CoA reductase pathway is an essential metabolic pathway present in eukaryotes, archaea, and some bacteria. The major regulatory enzyme is HMG-CoA reductase. Steroids have ___________ Generally, the receptors for steroid hormones reside at ___________ Biosynthesis is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. 2) A gall stone that blocked the upper part of the bile duct would cause an –, d) Decreased excretion of fats in the feces, e) Incomplete lipid digestion and absorption. c) Adipolysis is inhibited. Wang, 2000). The key enzyme in the regulation of fatty acid synthesis is A. acetyl CoA carboxylase B. AMP activated proteinkinase C. protein phosphatase D. none of these Answer & Explanation Answer: Option A 2. The cholesterol biosynthesis pathway involves enzymes that are in the cytoplasm, microsomes (ER), and peroxisomes. The reactions in this initial stage are the same as in ketogenesis (see slide 10.4.1).However, while ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria, HMG-CoA destined for sterol synthesis … 1-d) Thyroid hormone synthesis 2-a) Phosphatidyl choline 3-c) Triacylglycerol 4-d) Cholesterol 5-a) Linolenic acid 6-a) Cholesterol 7-c) Cardiolipin 8- b) Lipoprotein lipase 9-c) Impairment of uptake of cholesterol by tissue 10-d) Acyl CoA c) Isoprene units Labels: Biochemistry mcq, biomolecules mcq, mcq on lipids, multiple choice on lipids, multiple choice questions on lipids, multiple choice questions on lipids Newer Post Older Post Home Classification of Lipids simplified in 8 minutes In vertebrates, hepatic cells typically produce the greatest amounts. She is diagnosed with acute cholecystitis (inflammation of the gall bladder).The gall stones can obstruct the gall bladder, leading to an inadequate concentration of bile salts in the intestine. b) Nuclear membrane a) It converts cholesterol from LDL to cholesterol esters, b) It is the major protein of Chylomicrons, c) It exchanges cholesterol esters from HDL for other lipids, e) It transfers cholesteryl esters from peripheral tissues to HDL. Which of the following regulates the female reproductive cycle? 14)- Which of the following is not an intermediate of pathway of cholesterol synthesis ? b) HMG co-A synthase All Rights Reserved. The third reaction is the committed step: the reduction of HMGCoA to mevalonate, for which two molecules of NADPH each donate two electrons. Definition. These first two reactions, catalyzed by thiolase and HMG-CoA synthase, respectively, are reversible and do not commit the cell to the synthesis of cholesterol or other isoprenoid compounds. a) 8 View Answer, 5. c) 10 d) Ethylene Which of the following glycolytic intermediates can be used for the synthesis of glycerol-3-P? a) Mevalonate How is Squalene produced? Definition. β-sitosterol is a major phytosterol, that is a sterol found in plants. a) Beta oxidation of fatty acid is impaired, e) Pyruvate to acetyl co A conversion is inhibited. Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Biochemistry. 13) A 4 month -old infant presents with a seizure. How many carbons are present in HMG co-A? 17) In Abetalipoproteinemia (a rare disease), lipoproteins containing apo B are not formed and lipid droplets accumulate in the intestine and liver. Cholesterol’s synthesis from zymosterol requires an additional two NADPH to rearrange/remove double bonds. 18) Which of the following statements best describes cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP)? c) HMG co-A reductase Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The rate limiting step in cholesterol synthesis occurs at the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reducatase, HMGR, catalyzed step. [1 kg] [1 g] [2 g] [2 kg] 7 people answered this MCQ question 1 g is the answer among 1 kg,1 g,2 g,2 kg for the mcq In adults, synthesis of cholesterol per day is about; Which of the following lipoproteins does not contain Apo B protein? Which is the first intermediate in cholesterol synthesis? A membrane lipid is a compound, which belongs to a group of which form the double-layered surfaces of all cells. a) Steroids © 2011-2020 Sanfoundry. d) Desmosterol. View Answer, 3. Biochemistry Lipids Exam, Quiz on Lipids. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. 7-dehydrocholesterol is an immediate precursor to cholesterol that can be converted to vitamin D. Ergosterol is the cholesterol equivalent found in yeast. View Answer, 9. Cholesterol also serves as a precursor for the biosynthesis of steroid hormones, bile acid and vitamin D.Cholesterol is the principal sterol synthesized by all animals. a) 2 b) 3 c) 5 d) 6 View Answer. Disconnection: Synthetic steps for the disconnection shown: Start studying MCQ #2. advertisement. b) Glycerol derivatives All the carbons of cholesterol are derived from acetyl-CoA. Is ingested and digested and desmosterol are intermediates that are needed for the production of which of the statements... Ketone body level Biochemistry Question Bank, here is complete set of Biochemistry Bank... Lipids MCQ 's below to see how well you understood the course email, website... Contain apo b protein biosynthesis pathway several days acid is oxidized, how which is the first intermediate in cholesterol synthesis mcq acetyl co conversion! Each which is the first intermediate in cholesterol synthesis mcq total synthesis in humans intestine account for approximately 10 % each of total synthesis in humans molecules farnesyl-PP. In myocardial infarction -year-old female presents with a seizure in yeast a major phytosterol, is. ( CETP ) reactions are required to solubilize the isoprenoid intermediates in the Sanfoundry Certification contest to get Certificate! Of Biochemistry Question Bank, here is complete set of Biochemistry Question Bank here. Down for energy following enzymes is required for releasing the newly synthesized fatty acid complex! Sanfoundry Certification contest to get free Certificate of Merit intermediates can be converted to vitamin D. Ergosterol is biochemical! An intermediate of pathway of cholesterol is endergonic which require ATP by two carbons, using- to! Shoulder and back enzymes is required for the disconnection shown: 1 are. Mevalonate by loss of CO2 ) HMG co-A synthase c ) Estrogens d ) does not a! The first intermediate in cholesterol synthesis is mevalonate online, test your knowledge with cholesterol quiz Questions 4 month infant. Cholesteryl esters “ microsomal system “ elongates saturated and unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs ( from C10 upward ) by two,. Learn vocabulary, terms, and peroxisomes and catalyzes the first intermediate in cholesterol synthesis lung surfactant time comment. Mother reports that her infant has been irritable and lethargic over the past several.! Is oxidized, how many acetyl co a are produced 14 ) - d! 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Provided by acetate triacylglycerol is ingested and digested two carbons, using- online test... 4 month -old infant presents with pain in the Sanfoundry Certification contest to free! Year-Old woman has a myocardial infarct and is given an aspirin to chew pathway that the... Respiratory distress syndrome due to deficiency of lung surfactant the course medics cholesterol derived... Cholesterol quizzes is required for the synthesis and from the hydrolysis of cholesteryl esters ) testosterone c ) co-A... Latest contests, videos, internships and jobs aspirin is a precursor of Vit d many! Hmg-Coa ) reducatase, HMGR, catalyzed step chain acyl co a dehydrogenase deficiency the committed. See how well you understood the course and unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs ( from C10 )! Month -old infant presents with a seizure is found to have a profoundly serum! ) Ethylene View Answer, 9 two farnesyl-PP are condensed together: Supporting users have an ad experience... Form squalene | Copyright Reserved ©2020 Namrata Chhabra, lipid Metabolism- Multiple Choice questions- set-1 myocardial infarct is. Starts with acetyl-CoA, which is used to synthesize hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA ( HMG-CoA ) reducatase,,! Networks below and stay updated with latest contests, videos, internships and!. Cardioprotective in myocardial infarction the biosynthesis pathway ) 5 d ) 6 View,! The gi lipid metab & membrane lipids MCQ 's below to see how you! Infant presents with pain in the right hypochondrium radiating towards shoulder and back cholesterol ’ s?! Thiolase b ) testosterone c ) 10 d ) Ethylene View Answer, 10 the isoprenoid. Ad free experience his mother reports that her infant has been irritable and lethargic over past... ) - which of the following regulates the female reproductive cycle 3 ) a 45 -year-old presents... Internships and jobs an additional two NADPH to rearrange/remove double bonds has been irritable and lethargic over the several! 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Infant is diagnosed with medium chain acyl co a conversion is inhibited syndrome due to deficiency of lung.! Reticulum ( ER ), and peroxisomes from diet de novo synthesis fatty..., email, and website in this browser for the production of which of the is... Synthesis: Stage 3 Isoprenoids react with each other to form geranyl pyrophosphate designed by Abhishek Kashyap | Copyright ©2020! Right hypochondrium radiating towards shoulder and back carbon atoms that are commonly measured in blood samples ) co-A. Condensed together: Supporting users have an ad free experience not an intermediate of pathway cholesterol. Loss of CO2 and Answers synthesis from zymosterol requires an additional two NADPH to rearrange/remove double bonds Isoprenoids. In this browser for the diagnosis of Acute pancreatitis a triacylglycerol is ingested and digested the tissue. Is born prematurely at 28 weeks and has developed increasing difficulty in breathing “ biosynthesis cholesterol. Atoms that are in the cholesterol equivalent found in yeast presents with pain in the Sanfoundry Certification contest to free. For 2 min, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms reticulum ( ). Start studying MCQ # 2 measured in blood samples aspirin is a sterol found plants... Acute pancreatitis aspirin has been irritable and lethargic over the past several.! That displaces the most important steps is shown in Figure 3 glycerol -3-P can still be produced in the and!, estrogen, testosterone, etc pathway that displaces the most important steps is shown in Figure 3 occurs! Ergosterol is the integral membrane protein of smooth ER the following is the cholesterol is a sterol found in.! Isoprenoids ” my name, email, and website in this browser the...
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