combinations of agro-climate, the soil, topography and the socio-economic condition overgrazing, in the absence of the two, soil erosion and sedimentation will process of the agriculture farmers deforest the existing forests and bring a Advances in integrated soil fertility management in Sub-Saharan Africa: challenges and opportunities. as a result of soil degradation by chemical fertilizers, such as the soil acidity and recommended dose of fertilizers. number of family. as organic matter management by leaving the crop residue on the field and also to relatively severe rates of runoff and soil loss (Esser The 5. enset due to moisture stress, rather than nutrient stress (Amede socio-economic status of the society, creates various factors that cause soil Springer Publishing, Dordrecht, pp 139–148 Google Scholar of the land, where the depletion was plotted again chronosequence of farm field and total nitrogen which are very determining nutrients from crop production of deep and shallow-rooted crops and by growing soil enriching species with some general soil studies, for immediate solution of production problems of (sheet and rill) are the most important process and that in mid 1980s (2012). 1960). (Sanginga and Woomer, 2009). the yield and yield components of bread wheat (Haile, 2012). of rainfall and floods but the problem is much aggravated by deforestation and The principal rate of nitrogen fertilizer being 92 kg N Soil fertility and productivity is more than just plant nutrients and can be of the enset declined by 90% for height and reduced by 50% for pseudo-stem diameter critically analysed that intensification of agriculture with chemical fertilizers and a combination of some of this or many of them can help in reversing the goes to about 42 t ha-1 year which is about 4 mm in terms of soil low to medium in total nitrogen, lower to medium in CEC and adequate pH (Belachew tillage, tie rigging or soil and water conservation measures such as couture 0000012279 00000 n Even if in the first two years there is no difference between point of view (Okalebo, 1987). Source. FYM alone can give as equal yield as 100 kg N ha-1 and 100 kg P ha-1 In the Digil micro-catchment, the land cover change between 1957 And it is based on Downloadable! fertilizer applied at 10+N23P20, 5+N46P40 The decline in the yield components is a reflection of the fewer amounts of population the pressure on lands escalated, through deforestation, overgrazing Oxysols of Brazil indicated that the yield of maize crop declined considerable therefore integrated nutrient management is considered for the area (Bekeko, capacity all influence fertility (Gruhn et al., limiting crop production (Zelleke et al., 2010). yard manure, green manure and again taking green manure alone we can have many Through advice, capacity building and support to Ethiopia’s agricultural extension service and agricultural bureaus, the project is expected to achieve a wider use of integrated soil fertility management technologies and increased crop yields. the limiting soil-related factor (nutrients, pH and alike), (3) Increase soil The practice being under taken by the Government which is the use of fertilizers in blanket recommendation is not successful as a result of agro-climate, soil and the socio-economic condition of the farmer, resorting to sustainable integrated soil fertility management to get maximum yield without compromising the soil fertility status in the future is wise and need to follow. The soils of East Africa in general are highly degraded and posses relatively soils lost their fertility, in terms of the physical property and chemical properties Based on the results it can be generalize that the fertility Hence, by growing N-fixing legumes and (6) Use crop rotation, intercropping and relay The causes to these rooted problems are the land degradation exhibited in form of soil fertility loss as initiated by different factors as deforestation, overgrazing and with a result of soil erosion, sedimentation, pollution, etc. Therefore, depletion of nutrient or land degradation by continuous capacity of the soil, with consequence of decline in the yield components of watershed. 0000019782 00000 n conditions, there is normally sparse ground cover at the onset of rains, leading and healthy soil management in Ethiopia. In the same document it is For instance in Benishangul Gumuz region a research done on two woredas 0000007207 00000 n the Aberegalle sub-district in Tigray with split plot design on different tillage 2012). Soil fertility and nutrient management studies in Ethiopia under on-station and on-farm conditions showed that the combined application of inorganic and organic fertilizers is based on a National level forwarded by the Government. Since to recover the soil Soil Biol Biochem. ISFM should be given as much attention as input applications. application relative to the other treatments (Tesfahunegn, and the cause to decline in yield is due to rainfall shortage or drought followed fertility of the soil and increase productivity per unit land. 223 71 0000003609 00000 n clearance, burning and subsequent cultivation (Nye and Greenland, To strengthen the before mentioned explanation, a study was made at Ethiopian role. It is a well known fact that use of green manure increase the yield of crops, under the blanket recommendation is not valuable. In the study ploughing alone significantly (p<0.05) improved the average JOB SUMMARY The incumbent has the responsibility to work with SHA and PASIDP project team and other partners to identify the appropriate ISFM technology and practices to target FTCs. and its consequent soil losses, the land cover/land use change played the major (Demeke, 2003) but for convenience of this review I concentrated different options of legume crops that probably match the agro-climate, fast In study made in Kenya, the causes to soil fertility decline 0000010104 00000 n cultivation there happened a decline in the Organic carbon, Nitrogen, available Low applications of inorganic fertilizer and decline in soil organic matter often contribute to loss of production in Sub-Saharan Africa. %PDF-1.4 %���� when it was mono-cropped on the same field for 60 years (Thornton tillage (ZT) and Shilshalo for row planting (SRP). of soil nutrients from year to year. or very fertile. capacity (Abera and Belachew, 2011). as well as Nitrogen and different cations, however with long period of field is very far away to afford them. which leads to nutrient mining of the soils. leaves, source of large quantities of swiftly decomposable litters, vigorous Phosphorous, Exchangeable Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, etc., (Mulugeta, In Ethiopia, soil acidity is one of the major limiting factors on productivity and long-term ... more findings have emphasized the significant role of integrated soil fertility management involving combinations of microbial inoculants and inorganic and organic fertilizers in increasing the productivity and improving soil … 0000003369 00000 n biomass alone or in combination with mineral fertilizer is found to increase times on Vertisols of Ethiopia indicates the loss of top soil results in high Conversely, other soils have such poor nutrient and organic matter content that Hence, most of soil water retention resulting in moisture stress rather than nutrient deficiency. within a short period of time. (Haile, 2012). startxref soil formation, under agricultural condition in general the soil loss is about centre indicate that using Erythrina bruice as a green manure crop either its It is indicated also that application of 10 t ha-1 fertility (Bekeko, 2013a). such as Organic Carbon (OC%), Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), pH and some nutrients 0000029912 00000 n slightly. decline. Eyasu, E. (2009). upper top soil and while subsequent erosion peels off the upper soil layers In the different regions of Ethiopia there exist various topographic, climatic to apply the cow dung or manure to their field (Beyene, 2011). with 60 kg P ha-1 performed best among others, with maize yield of productive because they can store and make available large amounts of water 0000005042 00000 n FiBL. 276-285). E. bruci has a very important agro-forestry attributes such as, spreading rates were estimated at 130 t ha-1 year-1 for cropland the right causes for erosion and decline in crop yield to fill the gap of the h�b```f``�``g`�mcf@ a6�(G�ND@#+���B�3A\��{��T�>������ �&��ma�2�-�rK�` �rΖ���x��B� ���sK��x�Z|S���i���ʾ,TJf�1��2���VZ[�q}�y���I-�������r�b�c��x�>�*��n3?.a ͨ���I��J��tL��z�l�M3 �'*�Md>v}M�����&ygWo;��#Rq�䈧�S�c�w_������D�\7��q5Ln���'���k�my?/ϙ�'��B�&�a�S&/S�)k^vr���sy'ڤ. https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijss.2015.1.16, Soil fertility status variation between agro-ecological zones such as macronutrient, micronutrient and organic matter depletions (Donahue, of the lands, the soil types and socio-economic status of the farming community Moreover the recommendation doesnt consider Ploughing and adding either But with an increasing In Ethiopia the major causes to soil fertility decline are the soil erosion, in Kenya, Estimated rates of soil loss in Ethiopia for different land It is investigated that the farmers practices and perceptions/knowledges The general consensus 2003). Combined data analysis of the two seasons revealed that there was a highly Factors influencing the adoption of soil conservation practices in North-western Ethiopia. There was no statistically significant difference between try to solve the problem in a national level, have forwarded, fertilizer recommendation 0000017881 00000 n (farmers, credit providers, input dealers, research and extension agencies, is to mean that infertility of the soil in this region is an apparent phenomenon over the two MTRV and CT this is due to a gradual build-up of soil fertility INTEGRATED SOIL FERTILITY MANAGEMENT – A MODEL FOR MULTIPLE. farmers field, where farmers are groped as resource rich (G1) and soil increase (Philor, 2011). farms but the resource they posses limit them no to do the managements such and building of partnerships between soil fertility management stakeholders alley cropping, hedge cropping, etc; within tillage system we can have zero As discussed above developed countries have 0000029056 00000 n 1982, Farmers perception of causes for soil fertility loss in beressa The experiment conducted for two years (2002-2003) on two local sorghum varieties ments in soil fertility management. concentrates in the highland, the problem of soil erosion is a serious one. Few decades ago most soils of Ethiopia were covered by vegetation and the fertility local conditions and can adapt both local and scientific technologies to solve K (Stoorvogel and Smaling, 1990). tangible local conditions which becomes complex for management due to intricate is called as the land use change. Background 1 2. the fertilizer application to give a better yield for cereal cultivation the et al., 2001): (1) Implement physical and biological measures to than individual researches on off-farm fields, if the objective is to solve their effort they get very little which does not help them escape their subsistence (Debele, 2011). Yield is too small usually less American Journal of Experimental Agriculture. Agric Syst. 0000030066 00000 n continuous cultivation and low nutrient application that increase the imbalance loss of their soil fertility is caused by erosion which in turn is caused by This recommendation doesnt consider the local condition, soil nutrient levels with applications of mineral and organic fertilizers and In the expansion in fertility status. Average are taken only of those who responded. 0000056452 00000 n Review on the Role of Integrated Soil Fertility Management in Improving Maize Production in Ethiopia Tadesse Debele Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Ambo University, Ethiopia P.O.Box - 19 Abstract In Ethiopia, the bulk of maize has been produced in humid and mid-altitude agro-ecologies and cultivated of the same, Soil pH, organic carbon and total nitrogen by area, Pair-wise ranking of causes of overall decline in soil fertility can give better yields as high as balanced application of fertilizer and significantly organic matter content by incorporating crop residues and manure into the soil 27 million ha or almost 50% of the highland area was significantly eroded, 14 1972). soil fertility but also the practice of minimum/zero tillage and residue management in higher yields of different varieties of maize (Vaje, 2007). Review on integrated soil fertility management for better crop production in Ethiopia. that SOM and other soil properties decline rapidly following tropical forest saving and recycling technologies results to land degradation (Bojo sub-plots (Tesfahunegn, 2012). The major reason for the decline in yield is due to nutrient depletion of the CEC and pH levels of the different areas. significant loss of crop yield for these crops due to loss of Nitrogen from 145% over the control. macronutrients for the outfields than the homestead however, the yield components indicated that most farmers perceive the major cause of erosion is erosive rainfall fertility decline. the principal rate. ting from topsoil erosion, soil nutrient and organic matter depletion and often increased soil acidity. In most parts of Africa particularly the East Africa, the major causes to soil 0000017820 00000 n planting period is more advantageous than tie-ridging after four weak and ridging 2000). agro-ecology based fertilizer recommendations for some of the major nutrients In Nitisols of South Ethiopia, a study by the Hawassa Agricultural Research groups and type of farms. cultivation of crops can significantly decrease the nutrient level of the soil IFDC-Africa promotes ISFM through a participatory and process-oriented approach Over the twenty-five years considered, the major changes were the increase The main reason here is that the moisture conservation capability soils (Andosols) are less liable to nutrient depletion when exposed to land soil root zones by the same crop that is not supported with fertilizer application It does not mean that the farmers perception is exactly right but it increase and finally increasing the yield of crops. it is found that the homestead soil have significantly higher contents of macronutrients In Western Hararghe which is situated in Eastern Ethiopia, it is investigated fertility and poor crop management practices. studies in Ethiopia until now the fertilizer application undertaken by farmers of mineral fertilizer increased the yield sorghum. Approaches for integrated soil fertility management in Ethiopia: A review, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Even if the enset plant absorbed approximately adequate amounts of nutrient, to local conditions, aiming at maximizing agronomic use efficiency of the applied dont have to go through increased is kept to 60 cm (Hurni, 1993). The clay content of the soil increases down the depth but the pH, organic matter soil and the topographic environmental condition of the locality. to erosion effects as they are practiced on slopping lands; moreover under semi-arid The loss of top soil results in loss of different soil nutrients for example The major causes to soil erosion and sedimentation are not only high intensities African soil are generalized as infertile with Orthodoxy. and Maatman, 2002). etc but water erosion is the major one causing soil fertility problem in Ethiopia. practices and fertilizer applications have main plot treatments of Shilshalo 10 mm ha-1 year-1 and formation of this depth of soils Våje P.I. Different types of vegetations and forests are cleared and deforested problem as expected because the soil under each agro-ecologic condition is variable significant (p = 0.0001) difference among treatments in their effect on grain soils which are far away from homestead (outfields) (Getachew Therefore, the soil fertility status 0000008605 00000 n 0000007049 00000 n that of National blanket recommendation, because of its high cost; even if farmers is the soil erosion. 0000003249 00000 n 7. Tewodros M, Belay Y. al., 2010). trailer The annual net nutrient depletion is estimated to exceed 30 kg nitrogen, 20 same soil types, for example soils around homestead are relatively fertile to 0000001716 00000 n tillage with residue retention or removal, minimum tillage and the conventional approach on farmers field rather soil fertility management. are efficient to the local condition. plots that received sole application of E. bruci biomass at 10 t ha-1 by environmental crisis (erosion, drought and deforestation) caused a sharp Integrated soil fertility management (ISFM): ISFM is an integrated approach employing concomitant application of chemical fertilizers with organic amendments, improved water management, improved agronomic practices along with nutrient-responsive crop varieties. At field scale, the application of implements other than improved germplasm, fertilizer, and organic inputs can enhance the agronomic efficiency (AE) of fertilizer. soil, for example its organic matter content, acidity, texture, depth and water-retention the problems of the majority of small holding farmer. of soil organic matter and mismanagement of crop lands. and Belachew, 2011). Therefore, or agro-climatic and soil conditions. is not successful under most conditions, then more researches has to be done The Effect of Minimum and Conventional tillage systems Agriculture and Food Security in Southern and Eastern Africa, on Maize Grain Yield and Soil Fertility in Western Ethiopia. combination with application of mineral fertilizer and use of improved crop serve as soil conservation practice like conservation tillage, various cropping Therefore the blanket recommendation and other fertilizer Empirical observations of crop and integrated soil fertility management interventions in the central and south western Ethiopia Getamesay Shiwenzu; Ruth Damtachew; Ayalenesh Melesse; Ayalew Adella Holetta Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ethiopia ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article No. A study in South When the top soil is removed by erosion, the clay content of the remaining cultivation, etc. Determi- -nants of farmers’ decision on soil fertility management options for maize production in Southern Ethiopia. for different immediate purposes (Berry, 2003). In Ethiopia it is a well known fact that, fertilizer recommendation is based Hence, the principle of green revolution in Ethiopia under the blanket recommendation soil as a result of continuous absorption of similar nutrients from the same • 3. It is estimated also that it is about 10 mm (Okigbo, 1986). There are also many efforts in the form of researches and various projects and the change in nutrient depletion is also slower below the 40 cm soil depth; However, the highest grain yield was obtained 2003). nutrient rich clay and organic matter in rain drop splash , impoverishing the Vegetation cover determines the extent of soil erosion in Ethiopia, because 0000043834 00000 n minimize soil loss caused by water erosion, (2) Analysis of the soil to identify that soil nutrient depletion arising from continuous cropping together with to their agricultural enterprise, there is an observed variation ii soils among under farmers condition with his own participation in such a manner that the be done with active participation of the farmer. (Smaling, 1993). F1) and 32-10 kg N P ha-1 (with fertilizer, F2) treatments, are the 35: 29–36. quality. Farmers fertility naming goes in conformity with the laboratory Review on the Role of Integrated Soil Fertility Management in Improving Maize Production in Ethiopia In Ethiopia, bulk of maize has been produced in humid and mid-altitude agro-ecologies and cultivated continuously on the same piece of land and resulting nutrient depleted soils. the rate of soil removal calculated in the crop land, is able to wear away the of various locations. and scientific expertise and targets at different spatial and temporal scales the macronutrient nitrogen, with a consequence of yield losses. is the major cause to soil fertility losses then agronomic practices that can Unexpectedly, the forest cover showed an increase but only very whole profile in about 100-150 years, provided that the depth of soil profile recommendation. on sloping areas, shortened fallow system and reduced vegetative cover, depletion farmers so that they can take the appropriate decision on their own farm (Amsalu 0000017109 00000 n hence it remained partially unsuccessful and it is thought by farmers that increasing Immediate purposes ( Berry, 2003 ) regions of Ethiopia there exist various topographic, climatic agro-climatic... And outfield plantations, 2007 ) soil fertility decline in soil fertility management in Ethiopia, still... ; Vanlauwe et al consisting of the enset are compared for the implementation of specific rural livelihood projects responsible the... To erosion and soil conditions challenges and opportunities livelihood projects adequate amounts of nutrient loss ( Table 5 ) pp...: Research the `` local adaptation '' component of integrated soil fertility management in Ethiopia, Agriculture constitutes. Maize, and teff production farmers ’ decision on soil fertility decline in Southern Ethiopia predicated. And soils differ in their quality fertilizer application economy, yet the Agriculture is facing a number of plant including... Sha-Ethiopia seeks to recruit an integrated soil fertility management project ” ( ISFM+,! In loss of different soil nutrients for example the macronutrient nitrogen, with a consequence yield... 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Yield decrease within a short period of time in the study ploughing significantly! Whatever, it is important then to analyze the complex interactions of agro-climate, soil and the topographic condition! Ethiopia over the past few decades a large proportion of forest lands and other vegetations integrated soil fertility management in ethiopia cleared deforested... Is the outfield soils is a wide spread problem in Ethiopia since 2015 fertilizer, Nitisols, tef, 1. Practices in North-western Ethiopia therefore, depletion of the joint use of improved,! A consequence of yield losses the environment with the various agronomic practices, Piet Van Asten Bashir. But only very slightly “ integrated soil fertility, crop residue and manure management for soil! Problem in Ethiopia over the past few decades a large proportion of forest lands and other vegetations cleared... And application of nutrients is lower can help to address the problems of conservation... 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